Joaquín Puerma, endocrinologist, on hormonal imbalance: "The fact that we don't see anything negative in nature greatly lowers stress levels."

Joaquín Puerma , an endocrinologist and science communicator, explained on the podcast "Eating with María" how certain everyday factors directly influence hormonal balance . The doctor defined the Hormones are chemical messengers that circulate in the blood from the endocrine glands to organs with specific receptors. These compounds act as intermediaries that activate various bodily functions, from metabolism to growth and emotional regulation.

The endocrinologist pointed out that the body constantly seeks a state of Homeostasis, or internal balance, is essential. However, hormonal imbalances, whether an excess or deficiency , can lead to alterations that affect physical and mental well-being. Among the main hormones mentioned were thyroid hormones, sex hormones, insulin, growth hormone, and cortisol , the latter being directly related to the stress response.

To detect possible hormonal imbalances, Puerma recommends specific blood tests . “To clear up any doubts, you need to get a blood test,” she explained. In women, the absence of menstruation can indicate an endocrine problem, while in men, decreased libido or lack of morning erections are often associated with low testosterone levels.

Chronic stress is one of the biggest enemies of hormonal balance. City life, traffic jams, and hectic routines trigger a constant release of cortisol , making it difficult for the body to rest and recover. In contrast, contact with nature helps reduce physical and mental tension. "The fact that we don't see anything negative in nature significantly lowers stress levels," says the specialist, highlighting its positive effect on endocrine health.

In green spaces, the absence of predators and threats creates a sense of security that helps reduce stress. Puerma noted that several studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of exposure to natural environments on the nervous system. She explained that the scents of forests , especially those of pine and fir trees, help lower cortisol levels . In Japan, these studies have shown positive results in the overall well-being of those who practice them.

The endocrinologist also emphasized the importance of maintaining an active lifestyle and a balanced diet . A sedentary lifestyle, lack of muscle mass, and an inadequate diet are factors that can disrupt hormone production. A poor diet can cause the body to prioritize vital functions and reduce the secretion of hormones, such as those that regulate the menstrual cycle. He also stressed the need for adequate rest and maintaining routines that help the body self-regulate.